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Learning Paths: The Evolution of Training
January 04, 2008
Originally published April 2005, www.intuita.com.
By Arupa Tesolin
A new approach to training is winning rave reviews from companies who are reducing the time it takes to get employees up to speed by 30 percent or more.
Learning Paths, the brainchild of Steve Rosenbaum and Jim Williams, is making training more realistic and accelerating the development process at the same time. Both Steven and Jim are long-time corporate trainers who together recently authored a book by the same name co-published by Wiley and The American Society of Training & Development (ASTD), (more info see www.learningpathsinternational.com).
The concept of a Learning Path represents much more than a re-labelling of old terms. Put simply it is a complete rethink of how training ought to work from the point of view of both the company and the employee. And it is concrete, completely and definitively measurable from Day 1.
Here's how it compares to the way training usually happens. The typical training process starts with a needs assessment to determine performance and business needs. Then course objectives are determined and a detailed training program curriculum follows. The return on investment is somewhat nebulous and speculative while quality depends on the content and delivery of the training program. Following the training in an optimal scenario, participants and managers give feedback on content, delivery and performance. But it pretty much ends there. In actuality, the feedback process assesses whether the training program fulfilled what it said it would, not whether the right things were taught the right way to begin with.
The process discipline involved with Learning Paths ensures that the right things are taught the right way AND in the shortest time. Learning Paths involves a re-engineering of the basic training process from start to finish. It's really much cooler than the term implies. Intuitively employers "get" that the payoffs are via both increased profits and employee motivation. It is the "how" they get it that is the most fascinating.
The up front measure is "Time to Proficiency," which means how long it takes to get an employee performing at an average level. Historically, curriculum approaches tend to fill classroom days with stuff. By contrast, a Learning Path covers the entire learning protocol both in and beyond the classroom. The key to success with Learning Paths is getting very direct with what really happens during the so-called "Mystery Period," between when training ends and proficiency is achieved.
"This is the precise interval," says Steve, "where most gains in learning can be achieved."
"Usually there's a lot of wandering around. Learning happens when someone has time to show you. A lot of things happen after training that ought to be either included in the training or written down. When people get out of training they start to ask questions as they struggle. And they're usually the same questions all the time. Why wait for people to ask the question? Let's put the questions back into the training."
The first part of the process is to map your existing Learning Path. First review the existing training program and what happens after that, then quantitatively establish the performance level and figure out how many days it takes for an employee to reach an acceptable average performance level. This defines what proficiency is required.
Here are two examples of different proficiency requirements. The first is from an airline reservation agent. Average performance of an effective employee for this company means handling 20 calls per hour, processing three reservations, $1500 in revenue, and a cancellation rate of three percent. The second from a field sales representative is three calls per day, $10,000 in sales, five percent return rates and one new customer per month. Each parameter of proficiency is captured in a report, statement, or the company database.
Usually from this point it's easy to determine how much training costs and how much each day of less-than-average performance costs the organization. Shrinking this time by 30 percent adds up to a lot of measurable savings and potential profits. And employees are more motivated too because they are learning quickly, and not wasting time in training.
This is done by systematically improving and speeding up the learning process by removing unessential elements, replacing theory with more practice and on-the-job coaching, self-study assignments, and creating other learning opportunities that could include e-learning or other components with feedback that replace components of the classroom training program with a designed learning track that works better. Steve calls this part of the process Quick Hits and says that time and cost savings of 30 percent represent are typical easily achieved results.
The process invests and engages supervisors in a direct role as coaches and mentors. But there is nothing ambiguous about this coaching role and it's outcomes. They are linked directly to proficiency development.
"Another factor that can be positively impacted by Learning Paths is attrition. The majority of turnover happens in first 90 days. Some significant things can be done to address that early turnover by putting training feedback into the hiring process. For example an organization hires nurses for an in-home health care job doing full-time health support. In coming employees who are nurses have an expectation that there is more nursing in the job than patient care. But it’s not that kind of a job. So, if it takes 90 days to get a nurse to say they don’t like it we've lost a lot of money and time training that employee. It’s better if they quit on the first day. The solution is to show the employee up front what the job is and what the conditions are."
But how do Learning Paths differ from a competency model? Steve described it this way. "Doing a competency model can help you get to where you want to go by determining skills, knowledge and attitude. But this breaks it down into very small pieces. When one of those pieces is done together with other pieces that’s another competency."
"As an example let's look at a call center. You need to be proficient on the computer, you have to have good communications skills to talk with customers and you have to know and be able to explain the products and services they offer. But you need to do all of this at the same time. That's what proficiency is, the linkages among the skills and groups of skills that are done together."
Learning Path project successes have been achieved with major enterprises both in North America, Europe and in India, proof that the method works internationally and in multi-national companies. Smaller companies too, where finances and resources might be more constrained, also have a lot to gain from this methodology.
The best part of Learning Paths? They work. And they achieve results through involvement and buy-in from all stakeholders involved in the training process, executives, HR Managers, trainers, and most importantly supervisors and employees.
Attend a free 30-minute web conference on Jan. 10th at 2:00 pm EST. Meet with Arupa and Steve Rosenbaum, author of the best-selling book Learning Paths and learn more about how to dramatically reduce ramp up time for new employees.
To sign up, send an e-mail to infoCAN@learningpathsinternational.com or call 905.271.7272. Please tell us which session you plan to attend and how many people from your organization will be joining you.
Arupa Tesolin is the owner of Intuita Training & On-Line Learning Institute. She is a well published training consultant and seminar leader. Contact her at www.intuita.com, intuita@intuita.com, 905.271.7272.
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